Termite species guide
The termites common across NSW
New South Wales is home to several termite species that regularly affect residential properties. Knowing which species is present, and how it behaves, helps with early detection and the right management approach.
Coptotermes acinaciformis (subterranean termite)
This species causes the most damage of any termite in Australia and is the primary source of serious structural harm to NSW homes. Colonies can exceed one million termites, living underground or in moist wall cavities. They travel up to 50 metres in search of timber and can affect flooring, framing and roofs before signs are visible. Early signs include mud tubes or softened timber. Professional inspections using radar and thermal detection can identify concealed activity before structural damage occurs.
Schedorhinotermes intermedius (coastal and garden subterranean termite)
Common along the NSW coastline and nearby ranges, these termites nest in tree stumps, roots, gardens, and beneath patios or slabs. They can use small cracks in concrete or brickwork to reach timber framing. Colonies are smaller than Coptotermes but can still cause significant damage if left untreated. Baiting and monitoring effectively disrupt colony activity before damage escalates.
Nasutitermes walkeri (tree and mound termite)
Found in coastal and bushland areas of NSW, this species builds visible nests in trees or mounds and feeds mainly on decaying timber. It is less inclined to target buildings but may enter homes with poor ventilation or moisture issues, particularly roof voids and exposed timbers. Small pellets of frass indicate activity, and prompt treatment helps prevent movement into structural timber.
Heterotermes ferox (outdoor timber subterranean termite)
This species prefers weathered and exposed timbers such as decks, pergolas, fences and retaining walls. Commonly found across greater Sydney, colonies are relatively small and damage progresses slowly, often going unnoticed. Their proximity to buildings does increase the risk of structural entry, so annual inspections help identify early mud sheltering and prevent escalation.
Cryptotermes brevis (drywood termite)
This drywood termite needs no soil contact or external moisture source. Small but persistent colonies live entirely within individual timber items such as skirting boards, door frames, furniture and picture frames. Colonies often arrive via transported or second-hand timber, which can make early detection difficult. Specialised treatment is required to address the colony fully.
